Control and Coordination- Chapter 2, Questions and Answers Part-1
Answer: Nissl's granules are found in the cell body or cyton of the neurons.
Q.2. Name the part of the brain which controls equilibrium and posture of the body.
Answer: The part of the brain which controls equilibrium and posture of the body is cerebellum.
Q.3. What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid?
Answer: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) acts as a shock absorbing medium and protects the brain and the spinal cord against jerks and jolts.
Q.4. What is the function of a receptor?
Answer: The function of a receptor is to relay impulses via sensory nerves to central nervous system and the latter transmits message (in the form of impulses) to the effectors.
Q.5. What are the major divisions of the fore brain?
Answer: The major divisions of the fore brain are-
- Cerebrum
- Diencephalon.
Answer: The brain is protected by the cranial bones and meninges.
The fluid present in between cranial bones and meninges is cerebrospinal fluid.
Q.7. What is the function of medulla oblongata?
Answer: Medulla oblongata coordinates reflexes like swallowing, coughing, sneezing and vomiting.
Q.8. Name the structural and functional units of human nervous system.
Answer: Neuron is the structural and functional unit of nervous system.
Q.9. Name the part of hindbrain which takes part in regulation of respiration.
Answer: Medulla oblongata is the part of hindbrain which takes part in regulation of respiration.
Q.10. What is neuron?
Answer: Neuron is the structural and functional unit of nervous system.
Q.11. Define reflex action.
Answer: Reflex action is a rapid automatic, mechanical and immediate response to a stimuli. It is nerve-mediated involuntary action that occurs without the will of an animal.
Q.12. Mention the functions of the hind-brain in humans.
Answer: The hind-brain consists of cerebellum, pons and medulla.
- Cerebellum: It maintains posture, equilibrium and muscle tone.
- Pons: It transmits impulses from one side of cerebellum to the other and together with medulla it controls breathing.
- Medulla oblongata: It coordinates reflexes like swallowing, coughing, sneezing and vomiting.
Answer: Spinal cord (CNS) is the control center of a reflex action.
The route taken by the reflex action is called reflex arc.
Q.14. What is autonomic nervous system? Name the subsystems in which it is subdivided.
Answer: The nerves controlling involuntary actions of smooth muscles and certain glands, while in sleeping or awake, constitute the autonomic nervous system (ANS).
Autonomic nervous system is divided into two systems:
- Sympathetic Nervous System
- Parasympathetic Nervous System.
Answer: Reflex action are automatic and result in immediate responses to the stimuli without the processing done by brain. For example, closing of eyes when bright light is focused on them. When the bright light is focused in our eyes, the receptors relay impulses via sensory nerves to central nervous system and the latter transmits message (in the form of impulses) to the effectors (muscles in the eye). These muscles reduce the size of the pupil. This activates muscles to close the eyes.
Q.16. What is spinal cord and how is it protected?
Answer: Spinal cord is a part of the Central Nervous System (CNS) that extends from the medulla oblongata to lumbar region through the neural canal of the vertebral column. It is cylindrical in shape and responsible for the reflex action.
The spinal cord is protected by the cranial bones and meninges around it. The cerebrospinal fluid fills the spaces between meninges and serves as a shock absorbing medium and protects the spinal cord and brain against jerks and jolts.
Q.17. Represent the reflex arc with the help of a flow chart.
Answer:
Post a Comment